Physiology of Malting & Malting Grain

Introduction to grain malting. History and evolution, Nature and types of malting grains, Stages in grain malting- cleaning, steeping, germination. Grain germination process; Physiological changes in germinating grains; Modifications associated with grain germination; Plant Hormonal impact in malting; Yeast nutrient mobilization during malting; Grain viability; Grain dormancy; Differences in malting regimes and malt quality; temperature, air, water relations during malting; types / diversity of malts/ qualities and functional properties of malt/ specialty malts; Microbiological quality of malt and impact on beer quality; Malt improvement strategies. Grain specific malting regimes and strategies. Malting equipment, automation and trends in malting. Kilning, Mashing and Worth preparation.