Pharmaceutical Care

Principle of pharmaceutical care including health promotion, health defeating behaviors, proper nutrition, age-related changes affecting medication, selection and effects. Direction, evaluation and reporting of adverse drug reactions. Pathophysiologic, pharmaceutical, pharmacologic, and therapeutic considerations in managing pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea. At the end of the course, the student will develop a foundation for applying knowledge in the pharmaceutical and clinical sciences to the provision of patient- oriented care.  This course will cover the concept of pharmaceutical care; responding to symptoms; referral and intervention, counter prescribing; how various healthcare professionals interact to provide care in hospitals, long- term care facilities, ambulatory and managed- care institutions; the role of government as payer and provider of healthcare, the effect of managed-care systems on quality and access to healthcare, and the mechanism by which health policies are formulated; investigate cultural aspects of attitudes, believes and behaviors related medical and non-medical uses of drugs, decisions about non-prescription  drugs and subscription to unorthodox healing systems.