Pharmaceutical Analysis

Instrumental Methods for quantitative Analysis of pharmaceuticals: UV-Visible spectrophotometry; Atomic Absorption spectroscopy, Flame photometry. Instrumental Methods for structure elucidation of drugs and natural products: Infra-red spectroscopy; 1D and 2D NMR Spectrometry; Mass Spectrometry; Thin layer chromatography, Vacuum liquid chromatography, Gas-liquid chromatography; HPLC; Hyphenated techniques like GC-MS, LC-MS and LC-NMR, polarography, polarimetry, etc.

Basic methods of analysis:  Volume titration (acid-base titrations, non-aqueous, acid-base titrations; oxidation-reduction titrations; iodometric titration, complexometric titrations; gravimetric limit tests.