Microprocessor Systems & Interfacing

A basic microprocessor system: the CPU, memory, I/O, and buses subsystems, basic operation of a microprocessor system: fetch and execute cycle, the architecture of some typical 8-bit, 16-bit microprocessors (INTEL, MOTOROLA) and their features. Programming model in real mode: registers, memory, addressing modes. Organisation of the interrupt system, interrupt vectors, and external interrupts, implementation of single and multiple interrupts in real mode.

Programming model in protected mode: registers, memory management and address translation, descriptor and page tables, system control instructions, multitasking and memory protection, addressing modes, and interrupt system. Memory interfacing and address decoding. I/O interfacing: memory mapped i/o, isolated i/o, bus timing, i/o instructions. Peripheral devices interfacing: 8255 PPI/6821 PIA, 8251 USART/6821 UART, DMA, Timer/Counter chips, etc.

Instruction set. Assembly language Programming of INTEL and MOTOROLA microprocessors. Discussion of a typical system e.g. IBM PC, Apple Macintosh.